Examine the role of Alfieri in A view from the bridge. Comment on :: English Literature

Examine the role of Alfieri in A view from the bridge. Comment on his dramatic function in the play and his role as both character and commentator. This essay will explore the different roles that Alfieri takes on in 'A view from the bridge. I will comment on how he uses his role as both commentator and character to create dramatic tension in the play. A view from the bridge is a play set in the late 1940s and is based in the rural streets of Brooklyn harbour, New York. Eddie Carbone is an Italian longshoreman working on the New York docks and lives with his wife Beatrice and her niece Catherine. Eddie's wife accepts to refuge her cousins from Sicily as illegal immigrants until they could get their paperwork sorted. Catherine becomes attracted to one of the brothers and that's when the troubles start. Eddies becomes rapt in jealousy and wants to get rid of the two brothers in any possible way. Alfieri is a lawyer and is Eddie's friend as well. He tries to convince Eddie not to do something which he will regret later on and which will affect his life in the society. Eddie decides not to listen to Alfieri and goes on top break the Italian code. Alfieri is a lawyer who also lives in the same area as Eddie Carbone. In the play he takes on the role of a character as well as taking on the role of a narrator. One role he takes on in the play is the voice of the law. He brings this up in a conversation with Eddie where he says, "Eddie, I'm a lawyer†¦Can you prove that?" This clearly shows that Alfieri uses his knowledge to bring in the voice of the law into Eddie's situation. Due to him being a lawyer, he knows that if Eddie wants to take legal actions against Rodolfo, then he will need to get proof for the law to believe him. Due to him being a lawyer, he has got all the legal knowledge needed to deal with every day uses. As well as being the voice of the law, Alfieri is also an advisor to Eddie. He warns Eddie that he "won't have a friend in the world" if he carries on the way he is going. This shows that Alfieri knows that a tragedy is inevitable if Eddie doesn't stop. Therefore he uses his role as an advisor to advise Eddie to stop himself. In advising Eddie in doing so, Alfieri is trying to stop Eddie from doing what he knows

Characteristics of a Typical Western :: Film, Media, movies, Film Analysis

A typical Western would usually be set in the late 19th century in the mid-west of America in a remote town. The town is usually small, lonely and unwelcoming. Typically a western set looks like it is in the middle of a desert with sand, cacti and tumbleweed which gives a desert look, there are usually never any lakes or rivers around these features make the place look really hot and deserted. The buildings are generally timber board houses with swinging doors and outside the buildings are places to keep their horses, there is also always a General Store and a Saloon. Horses and carriages and cattle are used to give a western feel. The cowboys are typically dressed in western style clothing for example they wear simple shirts and jeans they may also wear ponchos, waist coats, hats, boots with spurs, guns and a belt to hold the gun and bullets, Hero's tend to wear lighter clothing and the villain’s tend to wear darker clothing. The storyline is normally about a hero who comes to a town to bring peace and drive the villains out. A hero is usually seen as a vigilante as he is not told to come to help but does anyway. The hero often appears as a quiet, secretive, mysterious person who may make the audience admire him one minute and dislike him the next, he is also a very smart, cunning and adaptable which are all good values in a hero. The villain is usually fixed to one idea he thinks it is a smart cunning person but in the end is always defeated. Many scenes are set around the Saloon (bar) and there is quite often a romance involved with the hero and a local girl, the villain competing for her affections! There are two different types of villains in typical westerns Native Americans and white villains (cowboys). Westerns are split down into sub genres for example classical westerns like "The Great Train Robbery" but there are also other western genres like revisionist westerns. Revisionist westerns occurred after the early 1960's, American film-makers began to change many traditional elements of Westerns. One major change was the increasingly positive representation of Native Americans who had been treated as "savages" in earlier films. Another example is Spaghetti westerns, Spaghetti westerns first came during the 1960's and 1970's, The changes were a new European, larger-than-life visual style, a harsher, more violent depiction of frontier life, choreographed gunfights and wide-screen close-ups.

Environmental Science Study Guide Essay

Environment- everything around us. Including nonliving things (air, water, and energy) Environmental science- an interdisciplinary study of how humans interact with the living and nonliving parts of their environment. Ecology- the biological science that studies how organisms or living things interact with one another. Ecosystem- A set of organisms within a defined area or volume that interact with one another and with their environment of nonliving matter and energy. Natural capital- the natural resources and natural services that keep us and other forms of life alive and support our human economies. Resource- anything that we can obtain the environment to meet our needs and wants. Perpetual resource- is a continuous supply of solar energy. Renewable resource- a resource that takes anywhere from several days to several hundred years to be replenished through natural processes. Sustainable yield- the highest rate at which we can use a renewable resource without reducing its available supply. Reuse- involves using a resource over and over in the same form. Recycling- involves collecting waste materials and processing them into new materials. Economic growth- is an increase in a nation’s output of goods and services. Gross domestic product (GDP) – the annual market value of all goods and services produced by all businesses, foreign and domestic, operating within a country. Economic development- an effort to use economic growth to improve living standards. More-developed countries- those with high average income and they include the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and most European countries. Less-developed countries- (opposite of well-developed countries) Pollution- any presence within t he environment of a chemical or other agent such as noise or heat at a level that is harmful to the health, survival, or activities of humans or other organisms. Point sources- single, identifiable sources. Ex. Smokestack of a coal-burning power or industrial plant. Non-point sources- are dispersed and often difficult to identify. Ex. Pesticides & some trash. Pollution cleanup/output pollution control- Involves cleaning up or diluting pollutants after we have produced them. Pollution prevention/pollution control- reduces or eliminates the production of pollutants. Ecological footprint- the amount of biologically productive land and water needed to provide the people in a particular country or area with an indefinite supply of renewable resources and to absorb and recycle wastes. Affluence- consuming large amounts of resources far beyond basic needs. Per capita ecological footprint- the average ecological footprint of an individual in a given country or area. Ecological tipping point- an irreversible shift in the behavior of a natural system. Exponential growth- occurs when a quantity such as the human population increases at a fixed percentage per unit of time, such as 2% per year. Poverty- occurs when people are unable to fulfill their basic needs for food, water, shelter, health, and education. Environmental worldview- your set of assumptions and values reflecting how you think the world works and what your role in the world should be. Environmental ethics- are beliefs about what is right and wrong with how we treat the environment. Planetary management worldview- the view that we are separate from and in charge of nature. Stewardship worldview- holds that we can and should manage the earth for our benefit, but that we have an ethical responsibility to be caring managers or stewards of the earth. Environmentally sustainable society- one that meets the current and future basic resource needs of its people in a just and future basic resource needs of its people in a just and equitable manner. Natural income- living sustainability Social capital- making the shift to more sustainable societies and economies. Chapter 2 Science- a human effort to discover how the physical world works by making observations and measurements, and carrying out experiments. Model- an approximate representation or simulation of a system. Peer Review- involves scientists openly publishing details of the methods and models they used. Scientific Law/law of nature- a well-tested and widely accepted description of what we find happening repeatedly in nature in the same way. Unreliable science- (opposite of scientific law and reliable science) Tentative/frontier science- some of the scientific results are validated and reliable, and some are not. Matter- anything that has mass and takes up space. Atomic theory- the idea that all elements are made up of atoms. Neurons- no electrical charge Protons- positive electrical charge Electrons- negative electrical charge Nucleus- extremely small center of the atom, containing one or more protons/neurons. Atomic Number- equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of its atom. Mass number- the total number or neutrons and protons in its nucleus. Isotopes- the forms of an element having the same atomic number but different mass numbers. Molecule- a combination of two or more atoms of the same or different elements held together by forces called chemical bounds. Ion- an atom or a group of atoms with one or more net positive or negative electrical charges. Acidity- a chemical characteristic that helps determine how a substance dissolved in water will interact with and affect its environment. pH- used as a measure of acidity Chemical formula- chemists use this to show the number of each type of atom or ion in a compound. Organic compounds- contains at least two carbon atoms combined with atoms of another element. Inorganic compounds- (opposite of organic compounds) Genes- certain sequences of nucleotides. Chromosome- a double helix DNA molecule wrapped around some proteins. Chapter 3 Abiotic- Nonliving Aerobic respiration- nutrient organic molecules such as glucose combine with oxygen to support carbon dioxide, water, & energy. Anaerobic respiration- form of cellular respiration in which some decomposers get the energy they need through the breakdown of glucose in the absence of oxygen. Atmosphere- mass of air surrounding the earth. Autotrophs- (same as producer) Biogeochemical cycles- processes that recycle nutrients in various chemical forms (include carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and hydrologic cycles) Biomass- organic matter produced by plants & other photosynthetic produces; total dry weight of all organisms. Biosphere- zone of the earth where life is found. Biotic- living organisms. Carbon cycle- cyclic movement of carbon in different chemical forms from the environment to the organ. Chemosynthesis- process in which certain organisms extract inorganic compounds from their environment and convert them into organic compounds without sunlight. Community- populations of all species living and interacting in an area at a particular time. Consumers- organism that cannot synthesize the organic nutrients it needs and gets its organic nutrients by feeding on the tissue of others. Decomposers- organisms that digest parts of dead organisms. Ecology- biological science that studies the relationships between living organisms and their environment. Ecosystem- one or more communities of different species interacting with one another and with chemical & physical factors making up the environment. Fermentation- (same as anaerobic respiration) Food chain- series of organisms in which each eats or decomposes the preceding one. Food web- complex network of many inter-connected food chains and feeding relationships. Greenhouse gases- gases in the earth’s lower atmosphere that cause the greenhouse effect. Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) – rate at which ecosystems producers capture and store a given amount of chemical energy as biomass in a given length of time. Herbivores- plant eating organisms. Heterotrophs- (same as consumer) Hydrologic (water cycles) – biogeochemical cycle that collects, purifies, and disturbs the earth’s fixed supply of water. Hydrosphere- earth’s liquid water. Â  Natural greenhouse effect- natural effect that releases heat in the atmosphere, near the earth’s surface. Net Primary Productivity (NPP) – rate at which all the plants in an ecosystem produce net useful energy. Nitrogen cycle- cyclic movement of nitrogen in different chemical forms. Nutrient cycles- the circulation of chemicals necessary for life. Omnivores- animal that can use both plant and other animals as food sources. Organisms- any form of life. Photosynthesis- complex process that takes place in cells of green plants. Phosphorous cycle- cyclic movement of phosphorus in different chemical forms. Population- group of individual organisms of the same species living in a particular area. Primary consumers- organism that feeds on some or all parts of plants. Producers- organism that uses solar energy/chemical energy to manufacture nutrients. Pyramid of energy flow- diagram representing the flow of energy through each level in a food chain/web. Secondary consumers- organism that feeds only on primary consumers. Stratosphere- 2nd layer of the atmosphere. Sulfur cycle- cyclic movement of sulfur in various chemical forms. Tertiary consumers- animals that feed on animal-eating animals. Ex.shark, lion, bear. Trophic level- all organisms that are the same number of energy transfers away from the original source of energy. Troposphere- Innermost layer of the atmosphere. Chapter 4 Adaptation- any genetically controlled structural, physiological or behavior characteristic that helps an organism to survive or reproduce. Adaptive trait- (same as adaptation) Background extinction- normal extinction of various species as a result of changes in environmental conditions. Biological diversity- variety of different species Biological evolution- change in the generic makeup of a population of species in successive generations. Differential reproduction- phenomenon in which individuals with adaptive generic traits produce more living offspring than those without trait. Ecological niche- total way of life of a species. Endemic species- species found only in one area likely to be extinct. Extinction- complete disappearance of a species. Â  Fossils- skeletons, bones, shells, body parts, leaves, seeds or impressions of such items that provide evidence of organisms. Foundation species- species that play a major role in shaping a community. Generalist species- species with abroad ecological niche. (Can live/adapt in many places) ex: humans Geographic isolation- separation of populations of a species into different areas for long periods of time. Indicator species- species whose decline serves as early warnings that community is being biodegraded. Keystone species- (foundation species) Mass extinction- widespread, global extinction over a short period of time. Mutations- random change in DNA molecules that can alter behavior/anatomy in offspring. Native species- species that live or thrive in a particular ecosystem. Natural selection- process in which a particular set of genes is produced in succeeding generations more than other genes. Niche- total way of life or role of a species in an ecosystem. Nonnative species- species that into migrate into an ecosystem or are deliberately/accidently introduced into an ecosystem. Reproductive Isolation- long term geographic separation of members of a particular sexually reproducing species. Specialist species-species with a narrow ecological niche. Speciation- formation of two species forms one species because of divergent natural selection in response to change in environmental conditions. Species- group of similar organisms. Species diversity- number of different species. Theory of evolution- widely accepted scientific idea that all life forms developed from earlier life forms. Chapter 5 Age structure- percentage of the population of each age level in a population. Carrying Capacity- maximum population of a particular species that a given habit can support over a given period. Coevolution- evolution in which two or more species interact and exert selective pressure on each other that can lead each species to undergo adaptations. Commensalism- an interaction between organisms of different species in which one type of organism benefits and the other type is neither helped nor harmed to any degree. Environmental resistance- all of the limiting factors that act together to limit the growth of the population. Inertia- the ability of a living system to be restored through secondary succession after a more serious disturbance. Interspecific competition- attempts by members of two or more species to use the same limited resources in an ecosystem. Limiting factor- single factor that limits the growth abundance or distribution of the population of a species in an ecosystem. Mutualism- type of species interaction in which both participating species generally benefit. Parasitism- interaction between species in which one organism preys on another organism. Persistence- (same as inertia) Population-group of individual’s organisms of the same species living in a particular area. Population crush- dieback of a population exceeded carrying capacity. Population density- # of organisms in a particular populations found in a specified area/volume. Predation- when an organism feeds on another. Predator- prey relationship: relationship predator VS. Prey. Primary ecological succession- ecological succession in an area without soil or bottom sediments. Range of tolerance- range of chemical & physical conditions that must be maintained. Resilience- the ability of a living system to be restored through secondary succession after a severe disturbance. Resource partitioning- process of diving up resources. Secondary ecological succession- succession in which natural vegetation has been removed or destroyed but the soil hasn’t. Chapter 6 Cultural carrying capacity- the maximum number of people who could live in reasonable freedom and comfort. Crude birth rate- the number of live births per 1,000 people in a population in a given year. Crude Death rate- the number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population in given year. Fertility rate- the number of children born to a woman during her lifetime. Replacement-level fertility rare- is the average number of children that couples in a population must bear to replace themselves. Total fertility rate- the average number of children born to women in a population during their reproductive years. Life expectancy- the average number of years a newborn infant can be expected to live. Infant mortality rate- the number of babies out of every 1,000 born who die before their first birthday. Demographic transition- when countries become industrialized and economically developed, death rates and birth rates decline. Family planning- provides educational and clinical services that help couples chose how many children to have and when to have them.

Egamova transfigered night

The time of first World War, a young enthusiastic man enlists as a volunteer gunner in the artillery as he has reached an impasse and sees war as a remedy. In a bar he comes across his fellow soldier, a surgeon lieutenant for whom war is an impasse, as he is trying to avoid sober realization of detrimental consequences of his civic duty by getting drunk. A lot of problems can be observed in the passage, but the most evident and tricking one is the irretrievable effect the brutality and gore of the war produces on human psychic, which comes as a quite contradictory fact since the narrator presumes that the war saved his life.To provide a profound feeling of that horrible days routine life the author inflates his text with parallel constructions, simple sentences and abundant use of lexical units representing negative connotation; these are (morbid despair, impasse, ferocious concentration, detest, etc. ) so it becomes clear that a war is by no means a remedy which the narrator was so desperately trying to find.What is more, when analyzing George's discourse a reader realizes the ambiguous nature of a war as his character is quite dual – despite all the redundancy of negative description of his appearance (ill-looking, ugly, fairly drunk, hunched over) and the absolute hopelessness in his talk (l want to go somewhere cold and dark, God preserve me from sanity) George still possessed of sinners energy which indicates to the fact that he has something background to fight or and that gives him this very kind of energy to overcome all the harsher, brutality and intoxication of that odious war.In the light of all this, any reader must not be influenced only by the superficial sense of the text, but go deeper to reveal the genuine authors message, inasmuch as any war is not merely a succession of human dying but also a glorious ground of evoking patriotism and marvelous bases for tear-jerking love stories.

Report on an engineering hero Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Report on an engineering hero - Assignment Example An instance of his psychic power was that he experienced almost three shocks of revelations and later he went to find his wife where he found that the nurse of his wife experienced intoxication and his wife was found in a scared state (Pebblesspiritualcave.com, 2014). While he was associated with the field of spiritualism he made several contributions which are upheld and studied during present times. During the period of 1869 he proved that hearing spiritual voices was not a result of an individual’s imagination and they actually occur. To prove this he stated that he experienced three raps and later he received a letter from D.D. Home which stated that the sender of the letter was informed by the spirits that Varley had experienced three raps and thus he concluded that spirits do exist (Andriopoulos, 2005). Later on he went to prove the phenomenon of life after death. To prove his phenomenon he conducted a study in New York which was based on voices that were created by people who were already dead. He hypothesized that these voices were not created due to electricity or even magnetism and he concluded that after death, an individual’s spirits still exist but in a different world and they communicate with the humans on earth. Even though Varley continued to promote his findings in the field of spiritualism but he faced severe criticism. He was not only connected with the field of spiritualism, he even made ample amount of advancement in the field of communication. He started off by joining a new startup company named Electric Telegraphy during the period of 1846 and within a span of only 6 years he managed to occupy the position of chief engineer and by the end of 1861 he was running the entire company. During his stay with the telegraph company he identified several ways to find out issues with devices in order to enhance the performance of

Health and Social Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Health and Social Care - Essay Example Stroke is generally caused by irregular lifestyle involving physiologically affecting habits like smoking, drinking, and too much fat in diet. Other causes of a stroke include excessive exercise, shock or stress. Hypertension is the phenomenon of increased blood pressure in the arteries, which in turn increases tension in respective organs and can have very drastic impact on the brain. Many cases of blood vessel damage result from hypertension, some of which happen in the brain causing a stroke. Common causes of hypertension are blockages in blood vessels, excessive fat intake, high cholesterol, stress, lifestyle, medication, unregulated food habits, and excessive exercise. People suffer in from hypertension experience short breaths, organ swelling, fluid accumulation, and muscle dystrophy. Such patients are prone to heart attacks and need to be kept under regular medication till the condition subsides. Treatment for both the physiological disorders involves the use of anti-coagulants to increase blood flow. Physiological changes observed during treatment include reduction (normalization) in blood pressure, smoother flow of blood in the brain, greater healing in blocked areas. However, serious cases of blockage cannot be treated through medication and may require surgical removal of the blockage. When treatment is applied on a patient suffering from hypertension, he experiences calming of senses, lighter body weight, reduced giddiness and exhibits clear speech. When administered the right treatment, a patient suffering from a stroke regains consciousness, shows reduced eye dilation, clear speech, ability to move limbs, ability to walk steadily and normal skin and lip color. Patients suffering from stroke tend to show signs like slurring of speech, tongue moving to one end of the mouth, partial paralysis, asphyxiation,

Mythological Archetypal Criticism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mythological Archetypal Criticism - Essay Example In â€Å"The Horse-Dealer’s Daughter†, the use of the third-person point of view is generally predicated on the author’s sense of detachment; Lawrence seems to have decided that it is far better to allow the readers themselves to interpret the vicissitudes of the storyline, rather than pass some judgments or at least to provide a characters’ background. This in itself makes the narration rather complicated, yet, at the same time enables the reader to better understand the motivations and aspirations of the characters in question. Mabel’s brothers are depicted in the way that might be familiar to the readers of Lawrence’s â€Å"Nathaniel Hawthorne and the Scarlet Letter†. They are superficially strong and confident, looking disdainfully upon their apparently uncomely and awkward sister. Nonetheless, in the course of further narration it is revealed that they are indeed weak and, in the words of the author himself, ‘ineffectual’. Despite their boisterous appearance and haughtiness, they are in fact insecure and cannot even conceive how their situation may be ameliorated. Their supposed association with ‘regal horses’ is a false one, as they are in fact closer to the dogs that try to snatch the food out of their table. The animal imagery, in general, plays a great role in the narrative. Just in the beginning of the story, the appearance of great draught-horses, with their servile readiness to follow their masters’ orders, is a direct parallel to the characters’ meek acceptance of their fate. The image of the dog (a ‘bull-dog’, in Mabel’s case) may, in its turn, be construed as a symbol for fear before the unknown fate. It is characteristic that it is no longer associated with Mabel, as she is depicted to be more resolute in the late parts of the story. Nevertheless, it is the rebirth/resurrection mythological archetype that is most significant here. Mabel and Ferguson are